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1. Hex Bolts (Hex Head Bolts)
Design:
- Hex bolts have a six-sided (hexagonal) head that is designed to be tightened with a wrench or socket.
- The shank may be fully threaded or partially threaded, depending on the application.
Applications:
- Used in construction, machinery, and structural applications where strong fastening is needed.
- Commonly paired with nuts or threaded holes.
Advantages:
- Easy to install and remove with standard tools.
- Can handle high tensile loads, especially in stainless steel grades like 304 and 316.
- Versatile for a wide range of projects, both indoor and outdoor.
Typical Features:
- Strong and durable
- Resistant to corrosion in harsh environments
- Available in various lengths, diameters, and thread pitches
2. Carriage Bolts
Design:
- Carriage bolts have a rounded, domed head with a square section underneath.
- The square section locks into a square hole in wood or metal, preventing the bolt from turning while tightening the nut.
- Usually fully threaded or partially threaded.
Applications:
- Primarily used in woodworking, decking, fencing, and furniture assembly.
- Also used in light structural applications where a smooth, rounded head is preferred for aesthetic or safety reasons.
Advantages:
- Smooth, rounded head prevents snags or injuries.
- Square section provides self-locking capability in wood or pre-cut square holes.
- Stainless steel offers corrosion resistance, making it ideal for outdoor and marine applications.
Typical Features:
- Rounded head for a clean finish
- Self-locking design
- Often used where the bolt head will remain visible
3. Machine Bolts
Design:
- Machine bolts have a flat or slightly rounded head, often with a hex or slotted drive.
- Fully or partially threaded, designed to fit pre-threaded holes or be used with nuts.
Applications:
- Commonly used in machinery, metal-to-metal fastening, and automotive applications.
- Suitable for precise assembly where threaded holes or tapped components are involved.
Advantages:
- Provides strong, secure fastening in metal-to-metal connections.
- Smooth or slightly rounded head allows for flush installation in machinery.
- Stainless steel versions resist corrosion, chemical exposure, and wear.
Typical Features:
- Uniform threading for consistent fit
- Can be used with nuts or tapped holes
- Available in various head styles (hex, round, slotted, or socket)
Summary of Key Differences
| Feature | Hex Bolt | Carriage Bolt | Machine Bolt |
|---|---|---|---|
| Head Type | Hexagonal | Rounded, domed with square neck | Flat, slightly rounded, or hex drive |
| Anti-Rotation | Requires wrench to hold | Square neck locks into material | Usually held with nut or tapped hole |
| Primary Use | Structural, construction, machinery | Wood, furniture, decking | Metal-to-metal, machinery assembly |
| Appearance | Industrial/functional | Smooth and rounded | Flush or precise for machinery |
| Stainless Steel Benefit | Corrosion-resistant, strong | Corrosion-resistant, outdoor-friendly | Corrosion-resistant, durable |
Conclusion:
- Hex bolts are versatile and strong, ideal for general construction and machinery.
- Carriage bolts are designed for wood or decorative applications where a smooth head is needed and self-locking is beneficial.
- Machine bolts are tailored for precise metal-to-metal assembly, often in machinery or automotive applications.
Stainless steel construction ensures all three types are resistant to rust, corrosion, and wear, making them suitable for both indoor and outdoor environments, including harsh or marine conditions.
